Institutional diagnosis: management of children of mothers addict to illicit substances

Abstract

Drug addiction in pregnant women is a frequent health problem. The life they share and consumption suppose risks for both, depending on the type, frequency, quantity, gestational age and combination of alcohol and tobacco. The newborn baby (NB) requires assessment and a multidisciplinary approach.

Objectives: To determine frequency of use of illegal substances in NB mothers and to evaluate technical and psycosociocultural aspects.

Material and method: Descriptive retrospective study between 2009 and 2011. Assessment of NB of consumer mother: gestational age, weight, place and days in hospital, morbidity, lab., doping, discharge, follow-up control, readmission.

Mother: age, marital status,education, BMI, pregnancies, control, serology, pathology, substance taken, social interview, mental health and occupation. Calculation of population percentage. Results: 2% of NBpresented mother toxic history, in 2011 is was 3.5 times more than in 2009. Premature24%; average gestational age 37.4 weeks; PEG 21%; hospitalization ICU 93%, average 12days. Readmissions 5%. Pathologies: Infectious 48%, respiratory 20%, hyperbilirubinemia 18%; digestive 15%. Abstinence 6%; congenital malformation 2%. Doping 57%; lab. 74%; deaths 2%. Follow-up control 26%. Mothers: cocaine 58%; more than 1 substance 82%; 55% uncontrolled; average age 24 (14 to 41 years old); BMI 26. Single 39%, primipara 39%; complete secondary school 10%; infections 46% (TORCHS 32%); diabetes 8%, epistaxis5%. Mental health assessment 17%; social 38%; unemployed 97%; social problem 27%(deprived of freedom 23%; domestic violence 41%).

Conclusion: Consumption increase despite under registration. Poor management, plans and support to help these patients. Itis necessary to redefine, plan, and set rules for institutional management. Interdisciplinary approach is the starting point for positive results.