CLINICALLY IMPORTANT FORMATIONS ON THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF THE BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK. Formaciones clinicamente importantes en la superficie interna del tronco braquiocefálico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v4.n2.14018Palabras clave:
Brachiocephalic trunk, great vessels, arterial embryology, arterial occlusion, tronco braquiocefálico, grandes vasos, embriología arterial, oclusión arterialResumen
Las características de la división arterial representan un factor de riesgo para la oclusión arterial y causa frecuente de dificultad para la cateterización. Su forma de presentación depende de la unión del 3º y 4º arcos aórticos. Con el objetivo de evidenciar las caracterís-ticas del tronco braquiocefálico (TBC) se estudiaron 40 fetos de entre 12 y 23 semanas de gestación. Se disecaron los grandes vasos y el TBC fue seccionado en su origen y resecado conjuntamente con la porción proximal de las arterias carótida común derecha (CCD) y subclavia derecha (SD). Se midió la longitud, el ancho y los ángulos interno y geométrico entre las arterias CCD y SD. Abrimos las arterias para observar la luz vascular. Se documentó fotográficamente. La longitud promedio fue de 4,25 mm y el ancho promedio de 1,53 mm. No se evidenció relación directa entre las medidas de los TBC y la edad fetal. La mediana del ángulo interno fue de 62º. Sólo el 50% de los TBC pudieron ser abiertos, permitiendo observar la presencia de tabiques parciales entre ambos vasos en el 20% de los casos y de espolones a nivel de la bifurcación en otro 10%. No hallamos descripciones sobre estos relieves en la literatura. El ángulo interno entre ambas arterias fue significativa-mente mayor en los casos que presentaron relieves. En conclusión, la presencia de relieves en la superficie interna del TBC tiene origen embriológico y representaría un factor importante de riesgo para patología obstructiva vascular y causa de dificultad para la cateterización.
Arterial division features constitute risk factors for arterial occlusion and frequently cause difficulties in catheterization. In this case the relevant feature is the junction of the 3rd and 4th aortic arches. With the aim of displaying the features of the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT), we studied 40 fetuses of between 12 and 23 weeks of gestation. Great vessels were dissected and the BCT was cut and resected at its origin within the proximal portion of the right common carotid (RCC) and right subclavian (RS) arteries. The arteries were opened to observe their internal surface. Findings were documented photographically. In each case, the internal and geometric angles were measured. Their average length was 4.25 mm, and average width was 1.53 mm. There was no evidence of a direct relationship between the measurements of the BCT and fetal age. The median value of the internal angle was 62º. Only 50% of the BCT could be opened, allowing the observation of a partial septum in 20% of the cases, or ridges at the arterial bifurcation in another 10%. No descriptions of these formations were found in the literature. The average internal angle between both arteries (RCC and RS) was significantly greater in those cases having intraluminal formations. In conclusion, formations on the inner surface of the BCT are of embryological origin and represent a major risk factor for vascular obstructive disease and a cause of difficulty in catheterization.
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