Abordajes conceptuales y metodológicos en el estudio de la autorregulación: una revisión en las ciencias del desarrollo
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Resumen
El presente trabajo se propone identificar y ahondar exhaustivamente en la aplicación contemporánea del concepto de la autorregulación (SR), incluyendo los métodos que se utilizan para evaluarlo en el campo de la psicología y la neurociencia cognitiva del desarrollo. Para ello, se revisaron 468 artículos científicos que acumulan evidencia de las últimas décadas de investigación en el área. Los resultados apuntan hacia un creciente consenso en las definiciones conceptuales, en torno a la interrelación multidimensional de procesos de regulación emocional, regulación cognitiva, actividad orientada a fines, esfuerzo conciente, procesos interpersonales y fisiológicos. Los abordajes operacionales presentan la consideración de diversos fenómenos de índole biológica, comportamental y social, haciendo uso de herramientas para evaluar la SR en distintos contextos del desarrollo y a lo largo del ciclo vital. Entre los instrumentos más frecuentemente utilizados se encuentran medidas de reporte, pruebas de desempeño y, en menor medida, medidas fisiológicas y observaciones estructuradas.
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