“Síndrome metabólico en pediatría y adolescencia: prevalencia en pacientes con sobrepeso”

Abstract

RESUMEN

La obesidad ha ido aumentando en los últimos años en todo el mundo. En nuestro país 1 de cada 10 niños preescolares presentan obesidad. El exceso de peso ha supuesto la aparición en pediatría de alteraciones hasta ahora más propias de la edad adulta, como el síndrome metabólico (SM).

OBJETIVOS: 1)Obtener prevalencia de SM en niños y adolescentes con exceso de peso u obesidad según 3 criterios diagnósticos: ATPIII (AdultTreatmentPanelIII) del NCEP (NationalCholesterolEducationProgram), ALAD (Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes) y OMS (Organización Mundial de la Salud, 1998) de población adulta, 2)Determinar las variables más prevalentes por fuera de los valores recomendables, 3)Evaluar asociación entre índice de masa corporal (IMC) con: HOMA, insulinemia (INS), tensión arterial (TA), colesterol total (CT), colesterol-HDL (HDL-C), glucemia en ayunas (GA), triglicéridos (TG) y colesterol-LDL (LDL-C).

ABSTRACT

Obesity has been increasing all over the world in the last years. In our country, 1 in 10 children of preschool age are obese. In pediatrics, overweight has resulted in the occurrence of alterations which so far have been typical in adulthood, such as metabolic syndrome (MS).

OBJECTIVES: 1) Get prevalence of MS in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity based on 3 diagnostic criteria: NCEP (National Cholesterol Education Program) ATPIII (Adult Treatment Panel III), ALAD (Latin American Diabetes Association), and WHO (World Health Organization, 1998) in adult population; 2) Determine the most prevalent variables outside the recommended values; 3) Evaluate the relation between body mass index (BMI) with HOMA, insulinemia (INS), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), cholesterol-HDL (HDL-C), fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol LDL (LDL-C).

POPULATION, MATERIALS AND METHODS: 93 subjects were evaluated (6 to 14 years old) with overweight or obesity, BMI >85. Exclusion criteria: overweight or obesity of endocrinological or genetic origin, diabetics, treated with steroids. Laboratorory and anthropometric measures: age, sex, weight, height, BMI, waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic BP, Tanner scale, FG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, and INS.