Trends in diet quality in Argentinian homes between 1996-2018, differences according to region, home type and income level.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31052/1853.1180.v2.n28.37565Keywords:
consumo de alimentos., consumo por grupo de alimentos, Factores Socioeconómicos, Argentina, hábitos alimenticiosAbstract
Introduction: Food is a health determinant, bad quality diets represent one of the main risk factors of morbidity and mortality.
Objective: The objective of this work was to evaluate the tendency in food quality in the last two decades and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics in Argentinian homes in the last period.
Methods: Observational cross-sectional study; data collected for the National Survey of Home Expenditure in the periods 1996-97, 2004-05, 2012-13 and 2017-18 were analyzed. The total score and the scores for each component of Argentinian Index of Diet Quality (ICDAr, according to Spanish acronym) were estimated and a bivariate analysis was done to evaluate differences according to region, home type and income level.
Results: A significant loss in food quality is observed in Argentinian homes throughout time, especially because of the greater participation of the optional consumption food group. ICDAr went from 58.8±0.1 points in 1996-97 to 52.9±0.1 (p <0.001) in 2017-18, and only 1.7% and 0.8% of the homes reached a score higher than 80 points (p <0.001), respectively. In general, homes in Patagonia and the Metropolitan area, single-owner homes and homes with higher incomes showed worse results.
Conclusions: These findings show necessary aspects to be improved regarding eating habits in Argentinian population and contribute to the planning of policies and actions towards better food quality.
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