Determinantes sociales de la obesidad en niños y jóvenes en América Latina: Una revisión de alcance 2020-2022

Jenifer Alexandra Ruiz Melo; Fabio Alberto Escobar-Diaz

doi:10.31052/1853.1180.v30.n2.44984

Autores

Jenifer Alexandra Ruiz Melo Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Colombia.
Fabio Alberto Escobar-Diaz Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4721-2209

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31052/1853.1180.v30.n2.44984

Palavras-chave:

América Latina, Determinantes Sociais da Saúde, Fatores de risco, Criança, Adolescente, Obesidade

Resumo

Introdução: Destaca-se a crescente preocupação com a obesidade infantil e juvenil na região e a necessidade de compreender os fatores que contribuem para este problema. O objetivo é examinar as evidências científicas sobre os determinantes sociais associados à obesidade em crianças e jovens na América Latina durante o período entre 2020 e 2022.

Método: Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, publicada entre 2020 e 2022 em países latino-americanos. Foram consultadas bases de dados como Web of Science, Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Pubmed. Foram incluídos 13 estudos relacionados ao objetivo da revisão.

Resultados: Os estudos mostram diferentes determinantes, especialmente intermediários, e alguns estruturais, que influenciam a obesidade em crianças e jovens da região. Por exemplo, a exposição às telas ou as horas de sono foram destacadas em vários deles, bem como a posição socioeconômica ou território. As investigações se concentram em um pequeno grupo de países como México e Brasil, Chile e Colômbia.

Discussão: Destaca-se a importância de abordar a obesidade em crianças e jovens a partir de uma perspectiva abrangente, considerando os determinantes sociais que promovem a obesidade na população infantil e adolescente da América Latina.

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