THE GLENOID NOTCH AND ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS. La muesca glenoidea y sus implicaciones clínicas.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v9.n1.16495Keywords:
Glenoid notch, Glenoid fossa, Glenohumeral joint, Muesca glenoidea, Fosa glenoidea, Articulación glenohumeral.Abstract
A notch is often observed on the anterosuperior aspect of the glenoid fossa, however its association with gender remains unexplored. The aims of this study were to: (i) investigate the incidence and type of glenoid notch, and (ii) its association with gender, age and side. A total of 140 shoulders from 30 male and 40 female cadavers were examined. All muscles and blood vessels surrounding the glenohumeral joint, as well as the fibrous capsule, were removed to expose the glenoid fossa: the presence of a notch was classified as type I (mild), type II (moderate) or type III (severe). The mean age of specimens was 81.5 years (±9.8 years). A type III notch was the most commonly observed (32 male, 21 female specimens), followed by type I (14 male, 34 female specimens) and finally type II (14 male, 25 female specimens). Multivariate analysis showed that the type of glenoid notch was significantly associated with gender (?2 (2, n=140) = 11.088, p = 0.004). Females are significantly more likely to have a type I or II glenoid notch, while males are significantly more likely to have a type III notch. This difference could explain the higher incidence of shoulder dislocation in males compared to females.
A menudo se observa una muesca en el lado anterosuperior de la fosa glenoidea, sin embargo su relación con el sexo sigue siendo inexplorada. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: (i) investigar la incidencia y el tipo de muesca glenoidea, y (ii) su relación con el sexo, la edad y el lado en el que se observa. Se examinaron un total de 140 hombros de entre 30 cadáveres masculinos y 40 femeninos. Todos los músculos y vasos sanguíneos que rodean la articulación glenohumeral, así como la cápsula fibrosa, fueron retirados para permitir el acceso a la fosa glenoidea: la presencia de la muesca fue clasificada como tipo I (leve), tipo II (moderado) o tipo III (grave). La edad media de los especímenes examinados fue de 81,5 años (± 9,8 años). La muesca de tipo III fue la más comúnmente observada (32 varones, 21 hembras), seguida por la muesca de tipo I (14 varones, 34 hembras) y finalmente seguida de la de tipo II (14 varones, 25 hembras). El análisis multivariado mostró que el tipo de muesca glenoidea está significativamente relacionado con el sexo (?2 (2, n = 140) = 11.088, p = 0.004). Las mujeres son significativamente más propensas a presentar una muesca glenoidea de tipo I o II, mientras que los varones son significativamente más propensos a presentar una muesca de tipo III. Esta diferencia podría explicar la mayor incidencia de luxación de hombro que se produce en los varones en comparación con la que se produce en las mujeres.
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