WHICH MOTIVATIONAL BEHAVIORS IMPACT SUCCESS IN A FOUNDATIONAL ANATOMY COURSE FOR ENTRY DOCTOR OF PHYSICAL THERAPY STUDENTS?
Motivational behaviors in DPT students and academic success
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v13.n1.31861Keywords:
Self-efficacy; anatomy; physical therapy educationAbstract
Objectives: The motivational behavior of self-efficacy for learning and performance was correlated with academic success in Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students taking clinical anatomy, the first foundational course in the program. Students’ motivation strategies have been reported to be important factors in academic success, however, these strategies have not been investigated in DPT students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if course grade in clinical anatomy was correlated with the motivation subscales of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Materials and Methods: The MSLQ was administered to thirty-three first-year DPT students who consented to participate in the study. Correlation (Pearson r zero order) between the subscales and final course grade in clinical anatomy were determined. Results: Self-efficacy for learning and performance was correlated with course grade (r(31) = .44, p < .05), while intrinsic and extrinsic goal orientation, task value, control of learning beliefs, and test anxiety, were poorly correlated. Conclusions: The results of the current study, indicating that self-efficacy for learning and performance is correlated with academic success, could be utilized in DPT programs to broaden admission processes, and aid in the development of remedial curricular and teaching strategies to support students identified with poor self-efficacy for learning and performance.
References
Agricola BT, Blind P, Traas E. 2012. Differences in regulation and efficiency of learning between traditional and non-traditional students. Social Cosmos 3:153–169.
Bandura A. 1994. Self-efficacy. In: Ramachaudran VS (Editor). Encyclopedia of Human Behavior. Volume 4. 1st Ed. New York, NY: Academic Press. p 71–81.
Brudvig TJ, Mattson DJ, Guarino AJ. 2016. Critical thinking skills and learning styles in entry-level doctor of physical therapy students. J Phys Ther Educ 30:3–10.
CAPTE. 2019. Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education. Aggregate Program Data: 2019 Physical Therapist Education Programs Facts Sheets. 1st Ed. Alexandria, VA: Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education. 22 p. URL: http://www.capteonline.org/uploadedFiles/CAPTEorg/About_CAPTE/Resources/Aggregate_Program_Data/AggregateProgramData_PTPrograms.pdf (accessed 26 August 2020).
Cook DA, Artino AR. 2016. Motivation to learn: An overview of contemporary theories. Med Educ 50:997–1014.
Cook DA, Thompson WG, Thomas KG. 2011. The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire: score validity among medicine residents. Med Educ 45:1230–1240.
de Oliveira I, Rodriguez-Fuentes G. 2016. The relationship between results on MSLQ and academic performance in different subjects of physiotherapy studies in a Spanish university. In: Gómez Chova L, López Martínez A, Candel Torres I (Editors). Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (EDULEARN16); Barcelona, Spain, 2016 July 4-6. p 4612–4617. The International Academy of Technology, Education and Development (IATED), Valencia, Spain.
Deci EL, Ryan RM. 2000. The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychol Inq 11:227–268.
Duncan TG, McKeachie WJ. 2005. The making of the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. Educ Psychol 40:117–128.
Eccles JS, Wigfield A. 2002. Motivational beliefs, values, and goals. Annu Rev Psychol 53:109–132.
Fabrizio PA. 2012. Oral laboratory examinations in a physical therapy program. Anat Sci Educ 6:271-276.
Fournier KA, Couret J, Ramsay JB, Caulkins JL. 2017. Using collaborative two‐stage examinations to address test anxiety in a large enrollment gateway course. Anat Sci Educ 10:409–422.
Hensley LC. 2014. Reconsidering active procrastination: Relations to motivation and achievement in college anatomy. Learn Individ Differ 36:157–164.
Khalaila R. 2015. The relationship between academic self-concept, intrinsic motivation, test anxiety, and academic achievement among nursing students: Mediating and moderating effects. Nurse Educ 35:432–438.
Margolis H, McCabe PP. 2003. Self-efficacy: A key to improving the motivation of struggling learners. Prevent Sch Fail Alternative Educ Child Youth 47:161–169.
Mega C, Ronconi L, De Beni R. 2014. What makes a good student? How emotions, self-regulated learning, and motivation contribute to academic achievement. J Educ Psychol 106:121–131.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures. 1st Ed. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. 328 p.
Ngwira FF, Gu C, Mapoma HT, Kondowe W. 2017. The role of academic emotions on medical and allied health students motivated self-regulated learning strategies. J Contemp Med Educ 5:23–30.
Noonan AC, Lundy M, Smith RA, Livingston BP. 2012. A successful model for improving student retention in physical therapist education programs: A case report. J Phys Ther Educ 26:74–80.
Patall EA, Sylvester BJ, Han C. 2014. The role of competence in the effects of choice on motivation. J Exp Soc Psycho 50:27–44.
Pintrich PR, Smith DAF, Garcia T, McKeachie WJ. 1991. A Manual for the use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). 1st Ed. Ann Arbor, MI, National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching and Learning. 76 p.
Pintrich PR, Smith DAF, Garcia T, McKeachie WJ. 1993. Reliability and predictive validity of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Educ Psychol Meas 3:801–813.
Pintrich PR. 1999. The role of motivation in promoting and sustaining self-regulated learning. Int J Educ Res 31:459–470.
Pintrich PR, deGroot EV. 1990. Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performance. J Educ Psychol 82:33–40.
Pintrich PR. 1994. A conceptual framework for assessing motivation and self-regulated learning in college students. Educ Psychol Rev 16:385–407.
Pizzimenti MA, Axelson RD. 2015. Assessing student engagement and self‐regulated learning in a medical gross anatomy course. Anat Sci Educ 8:104–110.
Roick J, Ringeisen T. 2017. Self-efficacy, test anxiety, and academic success: A longitudinal validation. Int J Educ Res 83:84–93.
Ruscingo G, Zipp GP, Olson V. 2010. Admission variables and academic success in the first year of the professional phase in a doctor of physical therapy program. J Allied Health 39:138–142.
Shields RK, Dudley-Javoroski S. 2018. Physiotherapy education is a good financial investment, up to a certain level of student debt: An inter-professional economic analysis. J Physiother 64:183–191.
Sletten SR. 2017. Investigating flipped learning: Student self-regulated learning, perceptions, and achievement in an introductory biology course. J Sci Educ Technol 26:347–358.
Soemantri D, Mccoll G, Dodds A. 2018. Measuring medical students’ reflection on their learning: Modification and validation of the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). BMC Med Educ 18: 274.
Stegers-Jager KM, Cohen-Schotanus J, Themmen AP. 2012. Motivation, learning strategies, participation and medical school performance. Med Educ 46:678–688.
Tembo L, Ngwira F. 2016. The impact of self-efficacy beliefs on learning strategies: Towards learning human anatomy at college of medicine. J Contemp Med Educ 4:47–53.
van Lankveld W, Maas M, van Wijchen J, Visser V, Staal JB. 2019. Self-regulated learning in physical therapy education: A non-randomized experimental study comparing self-directed and instruction-based learning. BMC Med Educ 19:50.
Veld RV, Slaven EJ, Reynolds B, Shupe P, Woolery C. 2018. First-year doctor of physical therapy students demonstrate change in coping with stress. J Phys Ther Educ 32:138–144.
Zimmerman BJ, Schunk DH. 2008. Motivation: An essential dimension of self-regulated learning. In: Schunk DH, Zimmerman BJ (Editors). Motivation and Self-Regulated Learning: Theory, Research, and Applications. 1st Ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p 1–30.
Zimmerman BJ. 2008. Investigating self-regulation and motivation: Historical background, methodological developments, and future prospects. Am Educ Res J 45:166–183.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Philip A. Fabrizio, Anne M. R. Agur, Shannon L. Groff
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Use restricted to non commercial purposes.
Once the manuscript has been accepted for publications, authors will sign a Copyright Transfer Agreement to let the “Asociación Argentina de Anatomía Clínica” (Argentine Association of Clinical Anatomy) to edit, publish and disseminate the contribution.