‘Inevitable is life": the struggles of indigenous peoples and environmental defenders against extractivism amidst political changes in Brazil

Authors

Abstract

In the last decade, Brazil went through a turbulent political process between a democratic and left-wing government (Lula and Dilma Rousseff, 2003-2016), characteristic of neo-extractivism, a parliamentary media coup (2016), the election of right-wing extremist Jair Bolsonaro (2018-2022), a coup attempt in 2022/23, and the re-election of Lula da Silva, in 2022 (for a mandate between 2023-2026). This article analyses indigenous and environmental defenders' resistance against extractivism in this period, from a historical perspective of indigenous resistance with indigenous authors, and the case of environmental defenders in the Amazon, based on the thoughts of José Cláudio Ribeiro and Maria do Espírito Santo, assassinated in the Amazon on 24 May 2011. The concept of ‘inevitable’, as a central contribution, refers to the struggle with the forest, and not to the great works of the megaprojects.

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Author Biography

  • Felipe Milanez, Programa European Network of Political Ecology en el Centro de Estudios Sociales (CES) de la Universidad de Coimbra.

    Dr. en el Programa European Network of Political Ecology en el Centro de Estudios Sociales (CES) de la Universidad de Coimbra. Profesor del Instituto de Humanidades, Artes y Ciencias Professor Milton Santos de la Universidad Federal de Bahia, e integrante permanente de los programas de post-grado em Ciencias Sociales y en Cultura y Sociedad

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Published

2024-12-29

How to Cite

‘Inevitable is life": the struggles of indigenous peoples and environmental defenders against extractivism amidst political changes in Brazil. (2024). Cardinalis, 23, 115-133. https://revistas.psi.unc.edu.ar/index.php/cardi/article/view/47866