Sobre la construcción de series en el trabajo de archivo. A propósito del “discurso hispanista” en el primer peronismo

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze a set of documents, mostly produced in Argentina, in which languages appears as an issue related to the problem of regional identity in a continental and geopolitical space projection. The perspective considers discourses and political practices on language from an approach that comprehends the documents in their material specificity, that is, as texts that inscribe traces of the Interdiscours that overdetermine them (Pêcheux, 2012, 2016). Documents are considered not as sources but as discourse materials that articulate heterogeneous elements, marked by different temporalities and domains of sense. Thus, to work with de concept of Interdiscours implies to consider aspects that the “producers” –author/institution– could not observe in their “own” texts.

The analysis is organized in three moments; each presents a specific documentary series that respond to a different socio-historical conjuncture. The starting point is the conjuncture 1946-1948, signed by the discourse of vindication of the “Hispanic legacy”, that is, a discourse that historically, linguistically, religiously and culturally affiliates Argentina in the “Hispanic community” or the “Spanish-American community”. The second series focuses on state documents produced in the period 1943-1945, which express guidelines of the new Pan American impulse in the conjuncture of the Second World War. The last series puts the focus on formulations produced in 1899, in which is possible to observe tensions between “Hispanism” and “pan Americanism” in the context of the Cuban War.

The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the (re)emergence of the “Hispanic discourse” in 1946-1948 not only responds to political tactics and decisions of the governmental actors (strategies between Perón and Franco, between Perón and Catholic Church). It also express a dynamic of antagonism with de Pan American project, which can be recognized in Argentinean documents since the end of the 19^th Century. Thus, this analysis proposes to share some questions on the problem of temporality in the analysis of discourses and on the effects of a practice of disarticulation/re-articulation of series in archival work.