Multicomponent Nursing Intervention to Promote Handwashing Habits in Schoolchildren.

Abstract

Diarrheal diseases and respiratory infections represent the main reasons for school absenteeism, which if complicated, will be part of the mortality statistics in children under five years of age. In this sense, it is important to focus on hand washing and multicomponent interventions with theoretical references for behavioral changes to promote sustained and long-term behavior, washing hands with soap and water has been shown to be a life-saving hygiene habit. The Nursing professional, through the Nursing Care Process (PAE), has the necessary skills to design, implement and evaluate multicomponent interventions. Objective: implement a PAE aimed at schoolchildren to promote the habit of handwashing, through a multicomponent intervention and the theory of disruptive behavior. Methodology: community case study with PAE, implemented in a public and rural primary school in Yucatán, Mexico. For the assessment, brainstorming techniques, non-participant observation and social cartography were used. For the diagnostic process, results and interventions, the NANDA 2021-2023 taxonomy, NOC Results Classification and NIC Intervention Classification was used. Results: we worked with a diagnosis, a result and three interventions on health education, community environmental management and behavior modification. Conclusions: through the PAE and the multicomponent intervention, it was possible for the school population to generate a more active and committed practice with handwashing.