Hormonal regulation of dormancy in garlic (Allium sativum L.) cv Rosado Paraguayo
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Abstract
In order to establish the location of the dormancy mechanism and the role played by different growth regulators upon it, garlic seed cloves (in dormant, end of dormancy, and sprouting periods) were cultured in vitro with a nutrient medium and several phytohormones. Also, GA-like (free-acid and glucosyl-conjugate), auxin-like, and growth inhibitor-like substances were evaluated. Results showed that cytokinins were active during differentiation processes along dormancy (although the auxin role cannot be discarded); GAs showed to be important at the end of dormancy, perhaps through the activation of carbohydrate mobilization. Auxin-like activity was highly significant by the time tissue expansion began (once the dormant condition had been overcome). Phytohormones (including ABA) should be important in the whole differentiation/growth process due to the noticeable effect obtained with in vitro cultured explants when they were all applied mixed together. Thus, sproutlets would undergo several steps of differentiation (which depend on hormonal, nutritional, and physico-chemical influences from the storage leaf) before sprouting. This dependence is stronger during dormancy and becomes progressively looser as post-harvest time goes by.
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