Direct and indirect responses to selection for meiotic index trait in hexaploid triticale
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Abstract
Triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) is a man-made aloploid species with reproductive problems inherent to those individuals containing two or more genomes in a common nucleus and with the stabilization process in course. These problems act on several morphophysiological (i.e. number of seeds per spike or spikelet) and cytological (normal tetrade percentage) traits, that are conspicuous evidences about the existence of these problems. The objective of this study was: to determine the direct response to selection for the meiotic index and that indirectly achieved through the spikelet fertility. Sixty F₂:₃ derived families were evaluated in 1997, thirty per each selection criteria analyzed (meiotic index and spikelet fertility) and fifteen per group with superior and inferior values for each one. The Multiple Range Duncan's Test showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between superior and inferior meiotic index group mean values. In conclusion, the meiotic index character is heritable, and it is possible to improve it through a plant breeding program.
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