Explain the efficacy of a peace operation, searching recognition as militaries. The experience of argentinean peacekeepers in Haití
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31048/1852.4826.v10.n1.16437Keywords:
Militaries, efficacy, recognition, peace operationsAbstract
The former Argentinean peacekeepers considered the peace operation in Haiti as the most important of their professional carriers. Between 2004 and 2015 were deployed to it thirteen thousand militaries, the majority from the Army. When telling their experience, members of the firsts battalions explained efficacy in pacification, introducing their sensibility toward Haitian poverty into the operational environment, and the consequent achievement of civic actions. Thus in their narratives they also answer to the lack of Armed Forces recognition in the domestic stage. Analyzing the operational environment construction, we are going to show how an operation considered military ascribe its success to a variety of civic tasks of approach to the local population, and in which way it produced ambiguities in military condition as warriors and humanized. We study that question in ethnographic interviews made to ex peacekeepers to introduce us in the debate about the role of Argentine Armed Forces in the Post-cold War process; the reference of the national stage in the operational environment construction in extraterritorial peace operations; and the shifting condition of the militaries in pacification processes.Downloads
References
Agier, M., M. Lamotte. 2016. « Les pacifications dans la ville contemporaine. Ethnographies et anthropologie », L’Homme 3 (N° 219-220), p. 7-29.
Badaró, M. 2009. Militares o Ciudadanos. La formación de los oficiales del Ejército Argentino, Buenos Aires, Prometeo.
Ben-Ari, E. 1998. « Civilian lives: Emotions, Control, and Manhood » En: Ben-Ari, Eyal Mastering Soldiers. Conflict, Emotions, and the Enemy in an Israli Military Unit. pp. 106-119. New York & Oxford: New Direction in Anthropology.Bergan Books.
Bobrow, D. 1966. “The Civic Role of the Military: Some Critical Hypotheses” The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 1 pp. 101-111
Brahimi Report. 2000. http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/55/305 United Nations.
Bruner, E. 1984. “Introduction: The opening up of anthropology”, in: Bruner, E.; Text, play and story: the construction and reconstruction of self and society. Washington DC: American Ethnological Society (pp1-16)
Castro, C. 1991. O Espírito Militar. Um antropólogo na caserna. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Editor.
Crenzel, E. 2013. “The Narrative of the Disappearances in Argentina: The Nunca Más Report”. Bull Lat Am Res, 32: 174–192.
Dandeker, C. 2006. “Building flexible forces for the 21st Century. Key challenges for the contemporary armed services”, en: Caforio, Giuseppe (ed.) Handbook of the Sociology of the Military. New York: Springer, pp.405-416.
DPKO, Department of Peacekeeping Operation, 2003. Handbook on United Nations Multidimensional Peacekeeping Operations; http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/documents/Peacekeeping-Handbook_UN_Dec2003.pdf
Frederic, S. 2013. Las trampas del pasado: las Fuerzas Armadas y su integración al Estado Democrático en Argentina. Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Frederic, S., L. Masson y G.Soprano. 2015. Fuerzas Armadas en Democracia. Percepciones de los militares argentinos sobre su reconocimiento. Rosario: Prohistoria.
Frederic, S. 2016. “Distancia, encierro y tiempo libre: la dimensión familiar y personal”; Frederic, S. y M. Hirst (coordinadoras) La presencia de Argentina en Haití: contexto global, regional y experiencia militar (2004-2015); Buenos Aires: Editorial Teseo.
Frederic, S., M. Hirst. 2016. “Introducción” en; Frederic, S. y M. Hirst (coordinadoras) La presencia de Argentina en Haití: contexto global, regional y experiencia militar (2004-2015); Buenos Aires: Editorial Teseo.
Guber, R. 2015. Experiencia de Halcón. Buenos Aires: Sudamericana
Halperin Donghi, T. 1978. “Militarización revolucionaria en Buenos Aires, 1806-1815”; en: Halperin Donghi, T. (comp.) El ocaso del orden colonial en Hispanoamerica. Buenos Aires: Sudamerica.
Hirst, M. 2016. “El Marco Multilateral y la Presencia Regional en Haití” en Frederic, S. y M. Hirst (coordinadoras) La presencia de Argentina en Haití: contexto global, regional y experiencia militar (2004-2015); Buenos Aires: Editorial Teseo.
López, E. 1994. Ni la Ceniza, Ni la Gloria: actores, sistema político y cuestión militar en los años de Alfonsín. Buenos Aires: Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.
Luckham, R. 1971. “A Comparative Typology of Civil-Military Relations”. Government and Opposition, 6 (1), 5-35.
Miller, L., Moskos, C. 1999. “Humanitarians or Warriors?: Race, Gender, and Combat Status in Operation Restore Hope”; Armed forces and Society; 21(4), 615-637.
Nuciari, M. 2006. “Models and explanations for military organization: an updated reconsideration” en Caforio Guseppe (ed), Handbook of the Sociology of the Military. New York: Springer. pp. 61-85.
Pion-Berlin, D. (ed.) 2001. Civil-Military Relations in Latin America. New Analytical Perspectives, Chapel Hill-London, The University of North Carolina Press.
Potash, R.1981. El ejército y la política en la Argentina, 2 vols., Buenos Aires, Sudamericana.
Ricoeur, P. 1991. Narrative Identity, Philosophy Today, 35 (1): 73
Robben, A. 2005. Political Violence and Trauma in Argentina. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Robin, M. 2005. Escuadrones de la muerte. La escuela francesa. Buenos Aires: Sudamericana.
Rouquié, A. 1981. Poder militar y sociedad política en la Argentina, t. I: Hasta 1943, Buenos Aires, Emecé.
Rouquié, A. 1982. Poder militar y sociedad política en la Argentina, t. II: 1943-1973, Buenos Aires, Emecé.
Ruffa, C. 2014. “What peacekeepers think and do? An exploratory study of French, Ghanaian, Italian, and South Korean Armies in the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon”, Armed Forces & Society, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 199-225.
Sorensen, B. 2015. “Veterans’ homecomings: Secrecy and post-deployment social becoming” Current Anthropology, 56:12; p231-240.
Sotomayor, A. 2014. The Myth of the Democratic Peacekeeper. Civil-Military Relations and the United Nationes. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
Stepan, A. 1988. “Las prerrogativas de los militares en los nuevos regímenes militares”; Desarrollo Económico, 27(108)479-504.
Strathern, M. 1992. “Parts and wholes: Refiguring Relationships in a Post-plural World”, en: Kuper, A. (ed.) Conceptualizing Society, pp. 75-104. London: Routledge.
Trama, G. 2013. Reglas de empeñamiento: historia definición y objetivos. Buenos Aires: Escuela Superior de Guerra Conjunta de las Fuerzas Armadashttp://www.cefadigital.edu.ar/bitstream/123456789/74/4/RE%201%20TRAMA.pdf
Worboys, K. 2007. “The Traumatic journey form Dictatorship to Democracy. Peacekeeping operations and civil-military relations in Argentina, 1989-1999”, Armed Forces and Society, 33, 2 (149-168).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Those authors who have publications with this Journalaccept the following terms:
a. Authors will retain their copyrights and guarantee the journal the right of first publication of their work, which will be simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Attribution License (Licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons) that allows third parties to share the work as long as its author and his first publication in this journal.
b. Authors may adopt other non-exclusive licensing agreements for the distribution of the version of the published work (eg, deposit it in an institutional electronic file or publish it in a monographic volume) provided that the initial publication in this journal is indicated.
c. Authors are allowed and recommended to disseminate their work on the Internet (eg in institutional telematic archives or on their website) before and during the submission process, which can lead to interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The Effect of Open Access - El efecto del acceso abierto)