El método Analytic Hierarchy Process para la toma de decisiones. Repaso de la metodología y aplicaciones
Palabras clave:
proceso analítico jerárquico, decisión multicriterio, toma de decisionesResumen
La actividad empresarial, de gobierno y de administración de sistemas organizacionales en general requiere de herramientas para la toma decisiones que permitan definir problemas complejos, estructurarlos, analizar alternativas para resolverlos y seleccionar la más adecuada de ellas conciliando los intereses de múltiples interesados.
El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un repaso del método cuantitativo Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) para dar soporte en procesos de decisión en los que se deben tener en cuenta varios criterios y donde existen múltiples alternativas y mostrar además diferentes aplicaciones para las que se ha utilizado la herramienta.
En una primera parte se hace un repaso del método AHP desde un enfoque práctico. No se profundiza en los aspectos matemáticos del método, sino en aquellos que permiten comprender su funcionamiento y el tipo de problemas en los que puede asistir.
En una segunda parte se enumeran varias aplicaciones del método recopiladas de la literatura existente, con el objetivo de ilustrar su versatilidad para la aplicación a diferentes tipos de problemas de gestión.
Por último, se elabora una breve discusión sobre el método y la importancia de incorporar métodos cuantitativos en la práctica organizacional.
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