Polyphenols and their therapeutic effect from Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology

Abstract

The environment that surrounds humans and other living beings influences their lifestyle and health. Polyphenols are found in different plants, they can be part of the leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds; they are part of the diet and promote health. They were classified into two groups and six subgroups each, whose common molecular characteristic is phenolic rings. The most studied group is flavonoids. Polyphenols are found in: green tea, black tea, red fruits, celery, onion, cocoa, walnut, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, etc. The objective of this review is to enlight the importance of these chemical compounds, recommending their presence in the daily meals, their participation in the physiological networks related to Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology, assessing their preventive and therapeutic effect in different diseases. The discussed results showed that its actions begin by binding to its Aryl hydrocarbon receptors, activating complex metabolic processes such as the antioxidant capacity against oxygen and nitrogen free radicals, the interaction with the intestinal microbiota, the regulatory action of the immune response, the induction of the transcription of molecules that inhibit and regulate the inflammatory response, in addition to its effects on slowing aging and helping in antitumor responses. For all this, it was concluded that polyphenols have a beneficial effect on several diseases: autoimmune, liver disease, allergies and different types of cancer. Its performance in cancer has prompted research into the use of nanotechnologies to bring polyphenols closer to the tumor site. Studies will continue to learn more about the functioning and applications of polyphenols.