Intervenciones neuropsicológicas para la recuperación funcional de niños y adolescentes con traumatismo craneoencefálico. Revisión sistemática
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Resumo
El Trauma Craneoencefálico (TCE) pediátrico deteriora el funcionamiento cognitivo, afectivo y conductual de miles de menores en el mundo; sin embargo, los programas de rehabilitación parecen ser escasos. Esta investigación describe las intervenciones neuropsicológicas dirigidas a la recuperación de déficits cognitivos, conductuales y afectivos en menores de 19 años con TCE. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de artículos originales publicados en los últimos 5 años en las bases de datos Scopus y ScienceDirect, utilizando las palabras clave Pediatric/ TBI/ Rehabilitation. Se identificaron 20 artículos cuyas características se resumieron en tres tablas. Las intervenciones reportadas mostraron mejoras en la recuperación de los déficits, sin diferencias debidas al momento de la inserción o a la gravedad de la lesión. Debido a que en ninguno de los estudios se analizó la generalización de los resultados, se recomienda contemplarlo en investigaciones futuras. Llama la atención la ausencia de estudios en población latinoamericana.
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