Evaluación de destrezas de pensamiento crítico en Educación Primaria: Validación de la prueba Desafíos del Pensamiento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35670/1667-4545.v24.n2.46493Palabras clave:
evaluación de estudiantes, prueba de pensamiento crítico, validez, confiabilidad, educación primariaResumen
La demanda global de competencias del siglo XXI plantea el pensamiento crítico (PC) como un objetivo educativo prioritario, lo que a su vez proyecta la necesidad de la evaluación del PC. La falta de instrumentos de evaluación del PC para jóvenes justifica el objetivo de este estudio: desarrollar un test de PC para Educación Primaria y presentar sus propiedades psicométricas. La metodología sigue las prescripciones de desarrollo de pruebas a través de la elaboración de una prueba de PC con seis destrezas, la aplicación de la prueba a estudiantes de sexto grado de primaria y el análisis factorial confirmatorio de las respuestas. Partiendo de un formulario de prueba de 48 ítems, el análisis empírico confirma una estructura de seis factores, interpreta los seis factores empíricos frente a las destrezas de PC postuladas, confirma una estructura unidimensional para toda la prueba y para cada uno de los seis factores (excepto Comparación), y describe los parámetros psicométricos de bondad de ajuste que respaldan la confiabilidad y validez de una forma de la prueba con 31 ítems. Finalmente, se discuten las propiedades, utilidad, limitaciones y posibles mejoras, desarrollos y aplicaciones de la prueba para la educación y la investigación en PC.
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