Utilización de Bacillus velezensis RI3 y Pseudomonas psychrophila P10 como rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal en lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.)
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Se cultivan un millón de hectáreas de lechuga a nivel mundial, de las cuales 40 000 están en Argentina. La provincia de Córdoba, el segundo mayor productor del país, ha visto una reducción significativa de su cinturón verde, lo que subraya la necesidad de tecnologías que permitan incrementar la producción y garantizar la sostenibilidad. Este estudio evaluó el uso de rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (PGPR) como alternativa para incrementar la producción de la lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) y reducir el impacto ambiental. Se probaron dos cepas de PGPR, Bacillus velezensis RI3 y Pseudomonas psychrophila P10, en experimentos in vitro y de campo. Se analizaron parámetros como el peso seco de la parte aérea, peso seco radical, evapotranspiración y eficiencia en el uso del agua. Los resultados in vitro mostraron mejoras significativas en los pesos secos en ambos tratamientos comparados con el control. En campo, Pseudomonas psychrophila mejoró el peso seco aéreo en un 28,57 % y Bacillus velezensis en un 8,44 % respecto a los controles. Este estudio subraya el potencial de estas cepas como biofertilizantes, promoviendo una producción de lechuga más sostenible. Más trabajos de investigación son necesarios para optimizar la aplicación de PGPR en la agricultura.
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